Bridges are among the main pillars of urban and inter-urban transportation. Therefore, they must be designed and executed so that they can be used after the earthquake and do not result in the disconnection of the public transportation system. Therefore, the classification of types of damages caused by the earthquake to the bridge and the recognition of the consequences of entering damages is necessary. Understanding the causes of damage and the severity of these damages will lead to the development of appropriate retrofitting methods for existing bridges. Hence, the assessment of the damage to the bridges during the earthquake is necessary and effective. Recent earthquake studies have shown that one of the most important reasons for the breakdown of bridges, including reinforced concrete bridges, shear weakness, weakness of ductility reduction of energy dissipation capacity in critical areas of columns is that the enclosure of reinforced concrete columns is one of the most effective ways of retrofitting such as them with steel jackets and concrete. Also, some other methods of anti-earthquake resistance are proposed and according to the type of bridge geometry and the level of damage involved. The results of the studies can be of great importance for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the seismic vulnerability of highway bridges and transportation system in before earthquake planning and emergency response after earthquake.